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Rise of Regional Powers

How independent regional powers filled the vacuum left as Mughal power broke up — from the Marathas and Bengal to Mysore and the Sikh kingdom.

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What this chapter covers

  1. The Marathas

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    • New States and KingdomsRegional powers filled the Mughal vacuum.
    • Rise of the PeshwasBalaji Vishwanath became Shahu's Peshwa.
    • Maratha Expansion under the PeshwasBaji Rao I's campaigns built empire.

  2. Bengal and Awadh

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    • Bengal under the NawabsMurshid Quli Khan freed rich Bengal.
    • Awadh (Oudh)Founded by governor Saadat Khan.

  3. Hyderabad, the Carnatic and Mysore

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    • HyderabadFounded 1724 by Nizam-ul-Mulk Asaf Jah.
    • The CarnaticSuccession wars let Europeans interfere.
    • MysoreHyder Ali rose from ordinary soldier.

  4. The Rajputs and Sikh Kingdom

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    • The RajputsJaipur, Jodhpur, Udaipur; never united.
    • The Sikh KingdomGuru Gobind Singh founded the Khalsa.

Try a sample question

What did the nawabs of Bengal fail to understand about the British?

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Subsidiary Alliance, subjugation of the Marathas, Mysore and the Sikhs, and Dalhousie's policies.

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British Policies

The pre-British economy, British revenue systems, commercial policy and educational policy.
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