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Rise of the British in Bengal

How the British, who came to India as traders, defeated the nawabs of Bengal at Plassey and Buxar and became its real rulers.

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What this chapter covers

  1. The Trading Companies

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    • The English East India CompanyBritish merchants granted exclusive Eastern trade.
    • The French East India CompanyFormed 1664; headquarters at Pondicherry.
    • Anglo-French RivalryArch-rivals seeking a trade monopoly.
    • Bengal and the BritishRichest province; duty-free trade farman, 1717.

  2. Battle of Plassey (1757)

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    • Siraj-ud-Daulah and the BritishLast independent Nawab, opposed British power.
    • Conspiracy and BattleClive conspired with Mir Jafar.

  3. Battle of Buxar (1764)

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    • Mir Qasim and the BritishBritish drained Bengal's wealth through nawabs.
    • Importance and AftermathBritish became masters of Bengal, Bihar.

  4. Dual Government in Bengal (1765–72)

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    • Introduction of Dual GovernmentClive's 1765 system; two masters.
    • End of Dual GovernmentCollapse; Warren Hastings became Governor.

Try a sample question

What did the British do when Mir Jafar was unable to meet their demands?

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