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India - Geographical Features

Where India lies, its neighbours and political divisions, and its five physical divisions — from the Himalayas to the coastal plains and islands.

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What this chapter covers

  1. Location, Extent and Political Divisions

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    • Location and ExtentSeventh largest; entirely in Northern Hemisphere.
    • NeighboursSix land neighbours; Sri Lanka, Maldives.
    • Political Divisions28 States and 8 Union Territories.

  2. Physical Divisions of India

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    • The HimalayasYoung fold mountains; India's northern wall.
    • Plains of Northern IndiaFertile alluvium of Indus, Ganga, Brahmaputra.
    • The Peninsular PlateauLargest, oldest division; triangular in shape.
    • The Coastal PlainsCoastal strips flanking the Deccan Plateau.
    • The IslandsAndaman and Nicobar, over 300 islands.

Try a sample question

Of how many parallel ranges does the Himalayan Range consist?

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