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Climate of India

How latitude, altitude and the monsoon winds shape India's climate, its four seasons, and why rainfall is so unevenly spread.

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What this chapter covers

  1. Climatic Factors

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    • Weather, Climate and SeasonsDaily weather versus long-term climate.
    • Factors Affecting ClimateLatitude, altitude and other factors.

  2. Monsoon Phenomena

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    • Summer MonsoonsLand heats; moist winds blow landward.
    • Winter MonsoonsCold, dry winds blow seaward.

  3. Major Seasons in India

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    • Summer SeasonHot, dry March to May.
    • Rainy Monsoon SeasonJune to September; burst in Kerala.
    • Retreating MonsoonOctober–November; winds reverse, mostly rainless.
    • Cold and Dry Winter SeasonClear, dry; January usually coldest.

  4. Rainfall in India

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    • Distribution of RainfallUneven; heaviest on windward slopes.
    • Impact of MonsoonErratic rains bring floods or droughts.

Try a sample question

By how much does the temperature decrease for every rise in altitude in India?

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