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Reproduction in Plants

How plants produce young of their own kind — asexually, by vegetative propagation, and sexually through the flower, pollination and fertilisation.

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What this chapter covers

  1. Reproduction Concepts and Asexual Reproduction

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    • Asexual MethodsFission, budding, fragmentation and spore formation.

  2. Natural Vegetative Propagation

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    • Reproduction by StemGrass, mint, ginger, potato and onion.
    • Reproduction by LeafBryophyllum buds grow into tiny plants.
    • Reproduction by RootSweet potato and carrot roots propagate.
    • Merits and DemeritsFaster, more reliable, but genetically identical.

  3. Artificial Vegetative Propagation

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    • MethodsCutting, layering, grafting and micropropagation.
    • Tissue CultureExplant grows into callus, then plantlets.

  4. Sexual Reproduction in Plants

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    • The FlowerCalyx, corolla, androecium and gynoecium.
    • Types of FlowersBisexual flowers; unisexual staminate or pistillate.

  5. Pollination

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    • Types of PollinationAnther to stigma; self or cross.
    • Agents of Cross PollinationInsect, wind and water pollination.

  6. Fertilisation

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    • Fertilisation ProcessPollen tube, double fertilisation, zygote.
    • Post-fertilisationOvule becomes seed, ovary becomes fruit.
    • Artificial PollinationBreeders transfer pollen for new varieties.

Try a sample question

Which of the following correctly defines pollination in flowering plants?

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