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Urbanisation

How towns and cities form and grow, why people move to them, and what makes a satellite city or a smart city.

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What this chapter covers

  1. Urban Areas and Origin of Cities

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    • Definition and CriteriaGrowth of towns, cities, urban population.
    • Urban and Rural AreasClustered, dense urban versus spread rural.
    • Origin of CitiesSettled farming near rivers began settlements.

  2. Causes of Urbanisation

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    • Natural Increase in PopulationFewer deaths than births in cities.
    • Rural-Urban MigrationPeople move to cities for jobs.
    • Rural-Urban TransformationIndustries turn rural areas into cities.

  3. Impact of Urbanisation

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    • Positive ImpactIndustrialisation, economic growth and more jobs.
    • Negative ImpactUrban sprawl, overpopulation, strained infrastructure.

  4. Satellite Cities

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    • Definition and ExamplesPlanned city just outside larger city.
    • Characteristics of a Satellite CitySeparated by rural land or barriers.

  5. Smart Cities

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    • Definition and ICT FeaturesUses ICT to improve urban services.
    • Smart Cities Mission in IndiaLaunched by the Government in 2015.

Try a sample question

In which of the following regions are some of the oldest cities of the world located?

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